Revision 3

#9947Store at -20C

1 Kit

(7 x 20 microliters)

Cell Signaling Technology

Orders: 877-616-CELL (2355) [email protected]

Support: 877-678-TECH (8324)

Web: [email protected] cellsignal.com

3 Trask LaneDanversMassachusetts01923USA
For Research Use Only. Not for Use in Diagnostic Procedures.
Product Includes Product # Quantity Mol. Wt Isotype/Source
Phospho-ATR (Ser428) Antibody 2853 20 µl 300 kDa Rabbit 
Phospho-BRCA1 (Ser1524) Antibody 9009 20 µl 220 kDa Rabbit 
Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb 2197 20 µl 62 kDa Rabbit IgG
Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (133D3) Rabbit mAb 2348 20 µl 56 kDa Rabbit IgG
Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb 9718 20 µl 15 kDa Rabbit IgG
Phospho-p53 (Ser15) (16G8) Mouse mAb 9286 20 µl 53 kDa Mouse IgG1
Phospho-ATM (Ser1981) (D6H9) Rabbit mAb 5883 20 µl 350 kDa Rabbit IgG
Anti-rabbit IgG, HRP-linked Antibody 7074 100 µl Goat 
Anti-mouse IgG, HRP-linked Antibody 7076 100 µl Horse 

Please visit cellsignal.com for individual component applications, species cross-reactivity, dilutions, protocols, and additional product information.

Description

This kit provides an economical means to analyze major signaling checkpoints in response to DNA damage. The kit contains primary and secondary antibodies to perform two Western blots with each antibody.

Storage

Supplied in 10 mM sodium HEPES (pH 7.5), 150 mM NaCl, 100 µg/ml BSA, 50% glycerol and less than 0.02% sodium azide. Store at –20°C. Do not aliquot the antibody.

Background

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related kinase (ATR) are PI3 Kinase-related kinase (PIKK) family members that phosphorylate multiple substrates on serine or threonine residues that are followed by a glutamine in response to DNA damage or replication blocks (1-3). p53 is phosphorylated by ATM, ATR and DNA-PK at Ser15. This phosphorylation impairs the ability of MDM2 to bind p53, promoting both the accumulation and activation of p53 in response to DNA damage (4,5). Chk1 and Chk2, downstream protein kinases of ATM/ATR, plays an important role in DNA damage checkpoint control, embryonic development and tumor suppression (6). Chk1 is phosphorylated at Ser280 and Ser296 following DNA damage. The amino-terminal domain of Chk2 contains a series of seven serine or threonine residues, including Thr68, each followed by glutamine (SQ or TQ motif). After DNA damage by ionizing radiation (IR), UV irradiation or hydroxyurea treatment, Thr68 and other sites in this region become phosphorylated by ATM/ATR (7-9). The breast cancer susceptibility proteins BRCA1 and BRCA2 are frequently mutated in cases of hereditary breast and ovarian cancers and have roles in multiple processes related to DNA damage, repair, cell cycle progression, transcription, ubiquitination and apoptosis. Numerous DNA-damage induced phosphorylation sites on BRCA1 have been identified, including serine 1524, and kinases activated in a cell cycle-dependent manner, including Aurora A and CDK2, can also phosphorylate BRCA1. IR, DNA and radiometric-induced DNA damage also results in rapid phosphorylation of the histone H2A family member H2A.X at Ser139 by ATM (10,11). Within minutes following DNA damage, Ser139-phosphorylated H2A.X localizes to sites of DNA damage at subnuclear foci (12).

  1. Kastan, M.B. and Lim, D.S. (2000) Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. 1, 179-186.
  2. Abraham, R.T. DNA Repair (Amst) 3, 883-887.
  3. Shechter, D. et al. DNA Repair (Amst) 3, 901-908.
  4. Shieh, S.Y. et al. (1997) Cell 91, 325-334.
  5. Tibbetts, R.S. et al. (1999) Genes Dev. 13, 152-157.
  6. Martinho, R.G. et al. (1998) EMBO J. 17, 7239-17249.
  7. Matsuoka, S. et al. (2000) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 97, 10389-10394.
  8. Melchionna, R. et al. (2000) Nat. Cell Biol. 2, 762-765.
  9. Ahn, J.Y. et al. (2000) Cancer Res. 60, 5934-5936.
  10. Rogakou, E.P. et al. (1998) J. Biol. Chem. 273, 5858-5868.
  11. Burma, S. et al. (2001) J. Biol. Chem. 276, 42462-42467.
  12. Rogakou, E.P. et al. (1999) J. Cell Biol. 146, 905-916.

Background References

    Trademarks and Patents

    Cell Signaling Technology is a trademark of Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.
    All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Visit cellsignal.com/trademarks for more information.

    使用に関する制限

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    研究専用 (For Research Use Only) またはこれに類似する表示がされた製品は、 いかなる目的についても FDA または外国もしくは国内のその他の規制機関により承認、認可または許可を受けていません。 お客様は製品を診断もしくは治療目的で使用してはならず、また、製品に表示された内容に違反する方法で使用してはなりません。 CST が販売または使用許諾する製品は、エンドユーザーであるお客様に対し、使途を研究および開発のみに限定して提供されるものです。 診断、予防もしくは治療目的で製品を使用することまたは製品を再販売 (単独であるか他の製品等の一部であるかを問いません) もしくはその他の商業的利用の目的で購入することについては、CST から別途許諾を得る必要があります。 お客様は以下の事項を遵守しなければなりません。(a) CST の製品 (単独であるか他の資材と一緒であるかを問いません) を販売、使用許諾、貸与、寄付もしくはその他の態様で第三者に譲渡したり使用させたりしてはなりません。また、商用の製品を製造するために CST の製品を使用してはなりません。(b) 複製、改変、リバースエンジニアリング、逆コンパイル、 分解または他の方法により製品の構造または技術を解明しようとしてはなりません。また、 CST の製品またはサービスと競合する製品またはサービスを開発する目的で CST の製品を使用してはなりません。(c) CST の製品の商標、商号、ロゴ、特許または著作権に関する通知または表示を除去したり改変したりしてはなりません。(d) CST の製品をCST 製品販売条件(CST’s Product Terms of Sale) および該当する書面のみに従って使用しなければなりません。(e) CST の製品に関連してお客様が使用する第三者の製品またはサービスに関する使用許諾条件、 サービス提供条件またはこれに類する合意事項を遵守しなければなりません。

    Revision 3
    #9947

    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit

    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 1 Expand Image
    Simple Western™ analysis of lysates (0.1 mg/mL) from HEK 293 cells treated with UV (50 mJ, 30 min recovery) using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb #2197. The virtual lane view (left) shows a single target band (as indicated) at 1:50 and 1:250 dilutions of primary antibody. The corresponding electropherogram view (right) plots chemiluminescence by molecular weight along the capillary at 1:50 (blue line) and 1:250 (green line) dilutions of primary antibody. This experiment was performed under reducing conditions on the Jess™ Simple Western instrument from ProteinSimple, a BioTechne brand, using the 12-230 kDa separation module.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 2 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of extracts from HeLa cells, untreated or UV-treated, using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 3 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of extracts from HeLa, COS, NIH/3T3 and C6 cells, untreated or UV-treated, using Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (133D30) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 4 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of Raw264.7, SV-T2 and HT-29 cells that were untreated or UV-treated (50 mJ, 30 min), using Phospho-ATR (Ser428) Antibody. Lambda phosphatase NEB #P0753 (10,000 Units/ml, 1hr) was used to demonstrate the phospho-specificity of the antibody.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 5 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of extracts from 293 cells, untreated or UV-treated (100 mJ, 4 hr recovery), using Phospho-ATM (Ser1981) (D6H9) Rabbit mAb (upper) or ATM (D2E2) Rabbit mAb #2873 (lower).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 6 Expand Image
    After the primary antibody is bound to the target protein, a complex with HRP-linked secondary antibody is formed. The LumiGLO® is added and emits light during enzyme catalyzed decomposition.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 7 Expand Image
    After the primary antibody is bound to the target protein, a complex with HRP-linked secondary antibody is formed. The LumiGLO* is added and emits light during enzyme catalyzed decomposition.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 8 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of untreated and UV-treated (50 mJ/cm2,30 min) HeLa cells and HT-1376 cells, using Phospho-BRCA1 (Ser1524) Antibody (upper) and BRCA1 Antibody #9010 (lower).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 9 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of extracts from HT29 cells, untreated or UV-treated (100 mJ/cm2, 1 hr), using Phospho-p53 (Ser15) (16G8) Mouse mAb (upper) or p53 (DO-7) Mouse mAb #48818 (lower).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 10 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of extracts from untreated or UV-treated 293 cells, using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb (upper) or Histone H2A.X Antibody #2595 (lower).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 11 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human ovarian clear cell carcinoma using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb performed on the Leica BOND Rx.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 12 Expand Image
    Immunoprecipitation of phospho-chk2 from UV-treated HT29 cells using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb followed by western blot using the same antibody.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 13 Expand Image
    Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of C2C12 cells, untreated (left) or UV-treated (right), using Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (133D3) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with DY-554 phalloidin (red).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 14 Expand Image
    Western blot analysis of untreated, UV-treated (50 mJ, 30 min) and nocodazole-treated (50 ng/ml, 24hr) Raw264.7 cells, using Phospho-ATR (Ser428) Antibody (upper) and a total ATR antibody (lower).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 15 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human prostate adenocarcinoma using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb performed on the Leica BOND Rx.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 16 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human breast carcinoma using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 17 Expand Image
    Flow cytometric analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (blue) and UV-treated (100 mJ/cm2, 1 hr recovery; green), using Phospho-Chk1 (Ser345) (133D3) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 18 Expand Image
    Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HT-29 cells, untreated (left) or UV-treated (right), using Phospho-p53 (Ser15) (16G8) Mouse mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with Alexa Fluor® 555 phalloidin (red).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 19 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma, using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb, showing nuclear localization.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 20 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma, control (left) or λ phosphatase-treated (right), using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 21 Expand Image
    Flow cytometric analysis of HT-29 cells, untreated (blue) or UV-treated (green), using Phospho-p53 (Ser15) (16G8) Mouse mAb compared to a nonspecific negative control antibody (red).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 22 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human colon carcinoma, using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 23 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 24 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded human lung carcinoma untreated (left) or lambda-phosphatase-treated (right), using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 25 Expand Image
    Flow cytometric analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (blue) or treated with UV (100mJ/cm2, 2 hr recovery; green) using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb (solid lines) or concentration-matched Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP® Isotype Control #3900 (dashed lines). Anti-rabbit IgG (H+L), F(ab')2 Fragment (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) was used as a secondary antibody.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 26 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded HT-29 cells untreated (left) or UV-treated (right), using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 27 Expand Image
    Confocal immunofluorescent analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (left) or UV-treated (right), using Phospho-Histone H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb (green). Actin filaments have been labeled with DY-554 phalloidin (red).
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 28 Expand Image
    Flow cytometric analysis of HeLa cells, untreated (blue) or treated with UV (100 mJ, 2hr recovery; green) using Phospho-H2A.X (Ser139) (20E3) Rabbit mAb (solid lines) or concentration-matched Rabbit (DA1E) mAb IgG XP® isotype control #3900 (dashed lines). Anti-rabbit IgG (H+L), F(ab')2 Fragment (Alexa Fluor® 488 Conjugate) #4412 was used as a secondary antibody.
    DNA Damage Antibody Sampler Kit: Image 29 Expand Image
    Immunohistochemical analysis of paraffin-embedded HCT 116 cell pellets, control (top) or CRISPR/Cas9 Chk2 knockout (KO) (bottom), untreated (left) or UV-treated (100 mJ, 2 hr recovery, right) using Phospho-Chk2 (Thr68) (C13C1) Rabbit mAb.